Volume 22, Issue 2 April 2026

Has the Transmission of U.S. Monetary Policy Changed Since 2022?

Abstract

Activity and inflation responded slowly to the Federal Reserve’s rate hikes in 2022.Was this because the transmission of monetary policy had changed? Or did other shocks offset tighter policy? We use pre-pandemic data to estimate a VAR with monetary policy shocks identified from high-frequency data, and use it as a filter to back out the sequence of structural monetary policy shocks consistent with data since 2022. We compare these implied shocks with the actual shocks and find the difference statistically significant during February–July 2022. These differences imply that monetary transmission had roughly 75 percent of its usual pre-COVID effect. We provide suggestive evidence that weaker monetary policy transmission was the result of a steeper Phillips curve. 

Authors

  • Philip Barrett
  • Josef Platzer

JEL codes

  • C32
  • E43
  • E52

Other papers in this issue

Kārlis Vilerts and Sofia Anyfantaki and Konstantīns Beņkovskis and Sebastian Bredl and Massimo Giovannini and Florian Matthias Horky and Vanessa Kunzmann and Tibor Lalinský and Athanasios Lampousis and Elizaveta Lukmanova and Filippos Petroulakis and Klāvs Zutis

Olivier De Jonghe and Konstantīns Beņkovskis and Karolis Bielskis and Diana Bonfim and Margherita Bottero and Tamás Briglevics and Martin Cesnak and Mantas Dirma and Marina Emiris and Pálma Filep-Mosberger and Valentin Jouvanceau and Nicholas Kaiser and Dmitry Khametshin and Tibor Lalinský and Viola M. Grolmusz and Laura Moretti and Artūrs Jānis Nikitins and Angelo Nunnari and Maria Rodriguez-Moreno and Elitsa Stefanova and Lajos Tamás Szabó and Kārlis Vilerts and Sujiao Emma Zhao

Aurélien Espic and Lisa Kerdelhué and Julien Matheron

Niall McInerney and Martin O’Brien and Michael Wosser and Luca Zavalloni

Bruno Albuquerque and Martin Iseringhausen and Frederic Opitz

Andrew B. Martinez and Alexander D. Schibuola and David Beckworth