Volume 16, Issue 3 June 2020

Reserves for All? Central Bank Digital Currency, Deposits, and Their (Non)-Equivalence

Abstract

This paper offers a macroeconomic perspective on the "Reserves for All" (RFA) proposal to let the general public hold electronic central bank money and transact with it. I propose an equivalence result according to which a marginal substitution of outside money (e.g., RFA) for inside money (e.g., deposits) does not affect macroeconomic outcomes. I identify key conditions for equivalence and argue that these conditions likely are violated, implying that RFA would change macroeconomic outcomes. I also relate the analysis to common arguments found in discussions on RFA and point to inconsistencies and open questions.

Authors

  • Dirk Niepelt

JEL codes

  • E42
  • E51
  • E58
  • E61
  • E63
  • H63

Other papers in this issue